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KMID : 0353319900140010087
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Oral Biology Research
1990 Volume.14 No. 1 p.87 ~ p.97
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Magnetic resonance imaging - The physical and biological principles -
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Kim Seung-Kug
Park Eung-Chun
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Abstract
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The purpose of this article is to understand physical and biological principles of the magnetic resonance imaging. Magnetic resonance imaging had its beginnings in the work of Felix Bloch, who described nuclear magnetic resonance in the late 1940s. During the 1960s and 1970s nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy devloped into an effective and widely used tool in chemical research and development. In 1972 Raymond Damadian demonstrated the first magnetic resonance image.
The advantages of magnetic resonance imaging over other medical imaging modalities include superior contrast resolution, direct multiplanar imaging, and absence of ionizing radiation. The process employs the magnetism of the hydrogen nucleus, the proton, and its interaction with external magnetic and electromagnetic fields.
First a patient is placed in a strong magnetic field, which causes the nuclear magnetism of protons to become aligned and precessing. Then a radio frequency pulse at the resonant frequency is transmitted into the patient under very controlled and prescribed conditions. Finally the patient responds to this stimulation by emitting a radio frequency signal that is computer processed to produce an image.
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